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2.3.2 语态

(l) 由于规范条款中的规定主要强调应采取的措施或需注意的事项，而不是执行者，所以译成英文时，常用被动语态，翻译时应注意主语的转换和谓语的选择。

例 1: 对冰区航行船舶应考虑环境温度的影响。

Where a ship is intended to navigate in ice, the effect of ambient temperatures is to be taken in consideration

例 2: 船体结构中，凡承受高应力的焊缝，应尽量避免采用固定垫板连接。否则，应经本社同意，并保证准确的装配。

The use of permanent backing bars in highly stressed welds in hull structures is to be avoided as far as possible. Where backing bars are unavoidable, special care is to be taken to ensure accurate fit-up and consent of the Society is to be obtained.

（2）规范中被动语态常用的表达式很多，例如：

provision is to be made ... 应对…作出规定

means is/are to be provided… 应提供设施

measures are to be taken … 应采取措施

attention is to be paid … 应注意

例 1：船底肋板、旁内龙骨上均应开流水孔，应采取措施能使水自船底的各个流水孔至吸口均能自由流通，其中考虑到泵的抽唧率。

Drain holes ate to be cut in the floors and in side keelsons in way of the bottom. Provision is to be made for the free passage of water form all parts of the bottom to the suction, taking into accounts the pumping rates required.

例 2：甲板货物装载区应设有保护和固定甲板货物的围护设施。

Means are to be provided to enable deck cargoes to be adequately secured and protected in the cargo containment areas.

例 3：采用钢质风雨密舱口盖的船舶，在不影响船舶安全和采取有效措施的条件下，经本社同意，对其舱口围板高度可予以适当降低

For ships provided with steel weather tight hatch covers, with the consent of the Society, the height of hatchway coamings may be reduced provided that efficient measures have been taken and that the safety of the ship id not impaired.

例 4：如具有绝缘层的甲板上装载或使用车辆，则在根据甲板厚度确定用板的允许载荷时，应注意甲板变形对绝缘层的影响。

Where wheeled vehicles are stowed or used on insulated decks, when the permissible loading of decks is determined based on the thickness of decks, attention is to be paid to effect on insulated coating due to deck deformation.